Ku Rwibutso rwa Rebero hasorezwa icyumweru cy’icyunamo kuri uyu wa wa 13 Mata 2024,hashyinguwe inzirakaregane nyinshi zazize Jenoside Yakorewe Abatutsi muri 1994 harimo n’abanyapolitiki bishwe muri Jenoside.
Uretse imibiri 14.400 ishyinguye ku Rwibutso rwa Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi rwa Rebero, hashyinguye abanyapolitiki 12 bishwe muri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi bari abayobozi mu mitwe ya politiki ya PL, PSD na MDR.
Benshi mu banyapolitiki bishwe Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi igitangira tariki 7 Mata 1994, ni ababarizwaga mu mashyaka ataravugaga rumwe n’ingoma y’uwahoze ari Perezida Habyarimana Juvénal n’ishyaka ryari ku butegetsi bw’icyo gihe MRND. Kigali Today ikaba yifuje kugaruka ku buzima bwabo.
Ndasingwa Landouard
Uyu munyapolitiki wari uhagarariye ishyaka riharanira ukwishyira ukizana PL Parti Libérale), yabifatanyaga n’ubucuruzi, kuko yari nyiri Hotel Chez Lando, benshi bamuzi ku izina rya Lando.
Ndasingwa wari warize mu Rwanda, agakomeza na Kaminuza zitandukanye zo mu gihugu cya Canada, nyuma yo kurangiza yagarutse mu Rwanda, ashingwa imirimo inyuranye. Ariko ubutegetsi bwariho ntibwahwemye kumushinja kuba icyitso cy’Inkotanyi, aho yanabifungiwe mu mwaka w’1990.
Ubwo yari Minisitiri w’umurimo n’imibereho myiza muri Guverinoma y’inzibacyuho ya Habyarimana, yashyizweho nyuma y’amasezerano ya Arusha, ni we mututsi wenyine wayibarizwagamo.
Yakunze kurangwa no kurwanya akarengane, aharanira ko habaho ukwishyira ukizana kw’Abanyarwanda bose nta vangura.
Jenoside igitangira tariki ya 7 Mata 1994, ingabo zarindaga umukuru w’igihugu zamukuye mu rugo iwe, hamwe n’umugore we Hélène Pinski wari umunya Canada bari barabyaranye abana babiri, bose hamwe zirabica.
Agathe Uwilingiyimana
Agathe Uwilingiyimana wari waravukiye i Butare mu mwaka w’1953, akiga amashuri atandukanye harimo na Kaminuza y’u Rwanda, yakoze imirimo itandukanye ifite aho ihuriye n’Uburezi, akora no muri za Minisiteri zitandukanye aho nko mu mwaka wa 1992, yagizwe Minisitiri w’Uburezi wa mbere uturuka mu bataravugaga rumwe n’ubutegetsi, muri gahunda yo kugabana ubutegesti yari yumvikanweho hagati ya Perezida Habyarimana n’amashyaka atanu ataravugaga rumwe n’ubutegetsi.
Muri izo nshingano yahawe, yagize uruhare mu gukumira itonesha ryariho mu mitsindire y’abanyeshuri no gutanga za buruse zo kwiga, ashyiraho imirongo yo guha bose amahirwe angana hatitawe ku kuba umututsi cyangwa umuhutu.
N’ubwo iyo myitwarire ye itari ishyigikiwe n’ubuyobozi bwariho, ntibyamubujije kugirwa Minisitiri w’intebe mu Rwanda mu mwaka w’1993, bituma yandika andi mateka yo kuba ari we mugore wa mbere wahawe iyi mirimo mu Rwanda.
Mu mikorere n’imyitwarire ye, yakunze gushyira imbere kurwanya icyenewabo, ruswa no kudashyigikira ivanguramoko mu banyarwanda.
Mu gitondo cy’itariki ya 7 Mata 1994, umunsi Jenoside yatangiriyeho, nyuma y’amasaha macye indege ya Perezida Habyarimana Juvénal ihanuwe, urugo rwa Agathe Uwilingiyimana witeguraga kujya gutanga ubutumwa bw’ihumure kuri Radio y’igihugu, rwagoswe n’ingabo zarindaga umukuru w’igihugu, yicwa hamwe n’umugabo we.
Icyakora abana babo uko ari batanu, n’ubwo byari bigoranye, babashije kurokoka bigizwemo uruhare n’umusirikari w’umunya Sénégal wari mu ngabo za MINUAR, bahungishirizwa ku mugabane w’u Burayi ari naho babarizwa kugeza ubu.
Kavaruganda Joseph
Kavaruganda wavukiye ahitwa i Tare mu Burundi mu 1935, ni naho yize amashuri abanza. Ayisumbuye ayakomereza mu Rwanda, aho yavuye ajya kwiga muri Kaminuza mu gihugu cy’u Bubirigi, ahakura impamyabumenyi y’ikirenga muri filozofiya.
Mu mwaka w’1967, yagarutse mu Rwanda, aba umuyobozi w’icyohoze ari Ikigo cy’imari cyitwaga, Caisse d’Epargne.
Kuva mu mwaka w’1974 yagirwa Perezida w’Urukiko rurinda ubusugire bw’Itegeko Nshinga, akaba ari na we wari ushinzwe kurahiza umukuru w’igihugu. Kavaruganda yagiranye amakimbirane na Perezida Habyarimana Juvénal, ashingiye ku bibazo by’amategeko, ndetse bigera n’ubwo ashinja Habyarimana kudaha uburenganzira bwa Politiki amashyaka ataravugaga rumwe n’ubutegetsi bwe. Ibyafatwaga nk’agasumbane hagati y’ayo mashyaka n’ishyaka ryari ku butegetsi rya MRND.
Kavaruganda yarwanyije ingengabitekerezo y’ivangura yiswe Hutu Power. Nk’umuntu wakoraga mu bijyanye n’amategeko, yaharaniraga ko abantu bose bagira uburenganzira ku gihugu cyabo, by’umwihariko Abatutsi bari baramenesherejwe mu buhungiro, yifuza ko bagaruka mu gihugu cyabo, ku bw’imishyikirano hagati ya Guverinoma yariho na FPR.
Ibyo byatumye abatari bashyigikiye ibitekerezo bye, kimwe n’itegurwa ry’amasezerano ya Arusha yagizemo uruhare, yo guhagarika intambara hagati ya Guverinoma yariho na FPR, bitishimirwa na bamwe mu bayobozi, bamwotsa igitutu, kivanze n’uko muri iyo myaka yabanjirije Jenoside, bagerageje kumwica inshuro nyinshi akarusimbuka.
Icyakora itariki ya 7 Mata 1994, ho ntiyabashije kurusimbuka, kuko ingabo zarindaga umukuru w’igihugu, zinjiye mu rugo rwa Kavaruganda, zihamukura zimwizeza ko zimujyanye ahantu hafite umutekano wizewe.
Ntibyatinze, kuko zamujyanye zikamwicira mu kigo cy’igisirikari ku Kimihurura, zikumira ko atabangamira irahira rya Guverinoma nshya y’abatabazi, yashyizweho mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amasezerano y’amahoro ya Arusha, nyuma gato y’urupfu rw’uwahoze ari Perezida Habyarimana.
Rucogoza Faustin
Yabarizwaha mu Ishyaka rya MDR, ari Minisitiri w’Itangazamakuru. Ubwo Radio RTLM yari ikomeje umugambi wayo wo gucamo Abanyarwanda ibice, no kubabibamo urwango, Rucogoza mu mwaka w’1993, yamaganye imvugo zanyuzwaga kuri iyi Radio, kandi n’ubwo yari iy’abayobozi bari bakomeye muri icyo gihe, ntibyamubujije kuyihanangiriza, no kuyisaba kudakomeza gukora inkuru n’ibiganiro byari mu murongo wo gutiza umurindi amacakubiri.
Rucogoza n’umugore we n’abana, indege ya Habyarimana igihanurwa tariki 6 Mata 1994, barafashwe, bajyanwa mu kigo cy’ingabo zarindaga umukuru w’igihugu, ari naho biciwe bukeye bwaho.
Nzamurambaho Frédérique
Yari Minisitiri w’Ubuhinzi akaba na Perezida w’Ishyaka rya PSD. Yavutse mu mwaka w’1942 mu Karere ka Nyamagabe. Ishyaka PSD yari ahagarariye, ni rimwe mu mashyaka yahanganye bikomeye n’ingoma ya Habyarimana, ndetse agira n’uruhare mu mishyikirano yaberaga i Arusha yo kugarura amahoro. Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi igitangira, abasirikari barindaga umukuru w’igihugu, bamwicanye n’umuryango we.
Ngango Félicien
Yari umuyobozi wungirije w’ishyaka PSD ari n’umwe mu mpirimbanyi zikomeye zaryo. Yari no ku rutonde rw’abanyapolitiki b’iryo shyaka bagombaga gushyirwa muri Guverinoma hakurikijwe amasezerano y’amahoro yo muri Arusha mu gihe cy’igabana ry’ubutegetsi.
Ibitekerezo byakunze kumuranga, bishyira imbere ubumwe bw’Abanyarwanda no kurwanya irondabwoko, ubuyobozi bwariho, bwarabirwanyije kugeza ubwo yicwa tariki ya 7 Mata muri Jenoside.
Mushimiyimana Jean Baptiste
Na we yari mu ishyaka PSD ari no mu bayobozi bakomeye mu yahoze ari MINITRAPE. Yavukiye mu Karere ka Ruhango mu wa 1954. We n’umugore we n’abana babiri bakuwe mu rugo rwabo rwari ku Kimihurura, bicwa n’abasirikari barindaga umukuru w’igihugu.
Kameya André
Uyu mugabo wari waravukiye mu Karere ka Gisagara mu mwaka w’1946, ni umwe mu bashinze Ishyaka PL, aba no mu bayobozi bakuru baryo, akaba yarabaye umunyamakuru wa ORINFOR, akanashinga ikinyamakuru cyitwa Rwanda rushya, cyahanganaga n’ibindi binyamakuru byari bishyigikiye ubutegetsi bwariho.
Ibitekerezo bye byo kurwanya urwango n’amacakubiri mu Banyarwanda yarabizize, kugeza ubwo muri Kamena 1994, yishwe akuwe muri St Paul, aho yari yahungiye muri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi.
Venantie Kabageni
Yavukiye mu cyahoze ari Komini Kayove, ubu ni muri Rutsiro mu mwaka w’1944. Yari mu ishyaka rya PL anaribereye Visi Perezida wa mbere, akaba yari no ku rutonde rw’abagombaga guhagararira iryo shyaka mu nteko ishinga amategeko. Yiciwe i Butamwa mu gitero cy’abicanyi bamurashe amasasu muri Mata 1994.
Charles Kayiranga
Yari umuyobozi mukuru muri Minisiteri y’Ubutabera, akaba no mu ishyaka rya PL. Yavutse mu w’1949 mu Karere ka Nyanza. Jenoside igitangira, Ingabo zarindaga umukuru w’Igihugu zamwicanye n’umuryango we ku Kimihurura
Maître Niyoyita Aloys
Yavukiye mu cyahoze ari Komini Nyamutera mu mwaka wa 1954. Yari mu ishyaka rya PL abifatanya n’umwuga wo kunganira abantu mu by’amategeko (Avocat), akaba ari na we wari kuzaba Minisitiri w’Ubutabera muri Guverinoma y’inzibacyuho itarigeze ibaho, kubera ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’umugambi wo gutsemba Abatutsi. Na we yishwe muri Mata 1994, azizwa ko atigeze ashyigikira na rimwe imikorere idahwitse ku butegetsi bwa Habyarimana.
Augustin Rwayitare
Yavukiye mu cyahoze ari Komini Rukara, ubu ni mu Karere ka Kayonza mu mwaka w’1956. Yabaye umuyobozi muri Minisiteri y’umurimo n’imibereho y’Abaturage, akaba yari mu ishyaka PL, aho yarwanyije ingoma ya Habyarima. Muri Jenoside, Interahamwe n’abasirikari bamukuye iwe tariki 20 Mata 1994, bajya kumurasira mu muhanda wari ruguru y’aho yari atuye.
Jean de la Croix Rutaremara
Mu mwaka w’1958 nibwo yabonye izuba mu Karere ka Karongi. Na we yari umurwanashyaka wa PL, utarigeze anezezwa na Politiki yo kwimika urwango, bituma muri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi na we yicwa tariki 9 Mata 1994.
Mu banyapolitiki 13 bibukwa bishwe muri Jenoside, bamwe bazize ko bari Abatutsi abandi bazira ko barangwaga n’imikorere yo kurwanya imitegekere idahwitse y’ubuyobozi bwariho. Ubwo Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi muri Mata 1994 yabaga, bicwa ku ikubitiro, ngo batabangamira ishyirwa mu bikorwa ryayo.
Muri abo uko ari 13 uretse Uwilingiyimana Agathe wari Minisitiri w’Intebe ushyinguwe mu gicumbi cy’Intwari z’u Rwanda i Remera, abandi uko ari 12 bashyinguwe mu rwibutso rwa Rebero.
Abanyapolitiki bishwe muri Jenoside, bibukwa buri mwaka kuva mu mwaka wa 2006. Umuhango ukaba ubera ku rwibutso rwa Rebero tariki 13 Mata buri mwaka hanasozwa icyumweru cy’icyunamo.
Amwe mu mafoto ya Rebero ubwo hibukwagwa Abanyapolitiki bishwe muri Jenoside yakorewe abatutsi
