Muri Vietnam habaye uburabanza rwa mbere rutangaje, urwo rubanza rumeze neza neza nk’uburiganya bwa mbere bukomeye bwo muri Bank isi yigeze yabona.
Mu Mujyi wa Ho Chi Minh City, mu cyumba kinini cy’urukiko, umugore w’imyaka 67 y’amavuko ukora mu bucuruzi bw’inyubako, nyuma yo guhamwa no gusahura imwe muri za Bank nini cyane zo muri Vietnam mu gihe cy’imyaka 11, kuri uyu wa Kane taliki 11 Mata 2024, yakatiwe igihano cy’urupfu.
Uyu mwanzuro w’urukiko ni imbonekarimwe, kandi uyu mugore ni umwe mu bagore bacye cyane bo muri Vietnam ukatiwe igihano cy’urupfu ku cyaha cyo mu rwego rw’imari.
Iki cyemezo urukiko rwafashe, kijyanye n’umubare w’amafaranga wagutera isereri uwo mugore yasahuye.
Truong My Lan, yahamwe no gutwara miliyali 44 z’amadorari y’Amerika yo mu nguzanyo muri Bank y’Ubucuruzi, izwi nka Saigon Commercial Bank. Umwanzuro w’urukiko umusaba kugarura miliyali 27 z’amadorari muri ayo, gusa abashinjacyaha bo bavuze ko izo zitazigera zigaruzwa.
Bamwe bavuga ko igihano cy’urupfu ari igitutu urukiko rwamushyizeho kugira ngo yerekane aho izo miliyali zaburiwe irengero ziri.
Abategetsi b’amahame ya gikomunisiti yo gukorera mu ibanga bo muri icyo gihugu, babwira abanyamakuru mu buryo butamenyerewe bavuze ingingo ku yindi.
Uru rubanza bavuga ko bahamagaje abatangabuhamya 2700, rwari rurimo abashinjacyaha ba leta 10 n’abunganizi mu mategeko bagera kuri 200.
Abantu bareganwaga na Truong My Lan waburanaga ahakana ibyo aregwa ni 85. Udusanduku 104 nitwo twarimo ibimenyetso by’uru rubanza, bikaba bipima toni esheshatu.
Uwahoze ari umutegetsi muri Minisiteri y’Ububanyi n’Amahanga y’Amerika, David Brown, ubu uri mu kiruhuko cy’izabukuru, wakoreye muri Vietnam igihe kirekire, yagize ati: “Mu gihe cyanjye mpakorera ku butegetsi bwa gikomunisiti, ntekereza ko nta rubanza nk’uru rwo mu ruhame aho uregwa asa nk’uwamaze guhamywa icyaha rwari rwarigeze rubaho.”
Arongera ati: “Rwose nta kintu na kimwe cyo kuri uru rwego cyari cyarigeze kibaho.”
Uru ni rwo rubanza rwariho igihe gitangaje cyane kibayeho kugeza ubu muri gahunda yo kurwanya ruswa, iyobowe n’umunyamabanga mukuru w’ishyaka rya gikomunisiti, Nguyen Phu Trong, yatangiye ahanini mu 2016.
Nguyen, ukomeye ku bya kera, yemeza ko uburakari bw’abaturage kuri ruswa idahashywa, buteje inkeke ku baturage ku kwiharira ubutegetsi kw’ishyaka rya gikomunisiti.
Iyo gahunda yatumye abaperezida babiri na ba minisitiri w’intebe bungirije babiri bahatirwa kwegura, ndetse abategetsi babarirwa mu magana barihanizwa cyangwa barafungwa. None ubu umwe mu bagore bakize cyane bo muri iki gihugu na we yabaye umwe muri bo.
Truong My Lan yatangiye acuruza ku gatanda ko ku isoko, acuruzanya na mama we ibikoresho byo kongera ubwiza, ariko aza gutangira kugura ubutaka n’inyubako nyuma y’uko ishyaka rya gikomunisiti rizanye igihe cy’amavugurura mu bukungu, kizwi nka Doi Moi, mu 1986. Kugeza mu myaka ya 1990, yari atunze za hoteli nyinshi na za resitora.
Nubwo Vietnam izwi cyane mu mahanga nk’igihugu gifite urwego rw’inganda rukura mu buryo bwihuse, nk’ahantu hashobora gusimbura ibicuruzwa biva mu Bushinwa, benshi mu baherwe bo muri Vietnam babonye amafaranga binyuze mu bikorwa by’ubucuruzi bushingiye ku nyubako.
Ubutaka bwose buba ari ubwa leta. Kubugeraho akenshi binyura mu mubano umuntu aba afitanye n’abategetsi bo muri leta. Uko ubukungu bwagendaga bukura, ruswa yariyongereye ihinduka ikiza.
Truong My Lan kugeza mu 2021, yari umucuruzi ukomeye cyane mu Mujyi wa Ho Chi Minh City, ndetse yemererwa guhuriza hamwe Bank eshatu nto zari zifite ikibazo cy’amafaranga, azikoramo Bank imwe nini yitwa Saigon Commercial Bank (SCB).
Muri Vietnam amategeko yaho abuza umuntu kugira imigabane irenze 5% muri Bank iyo ari yo yose.
Ariko abashinjacyaha bavuga ko Truong My Lan abinyujije mu zindi Kompanyi nto no mu bantu yakoreshaga nk’abahagarariye inyungu ze, mu by’ukuri we yari afite imigabane irenga 90% muri iyo Bank y’ubucuruzi.
Bamushinje gukoresha ubwo bubasha mu gushyiraho abantu be akabagira abayobozi ba Bank, maze akabategeka guha inguzanyo z’amafaranga menshi, baziha izo Kompanyi yagenzuraga.
Izo nguzanyo yatse zari zirenze ukwemera kuko inguzanyo yatse zari zihariye 90% by’inguzanyo zose iyo Bank yatanze.
Abashinjacyaha bavuga ko mu gihe cy’imyaka itatu uhereye muri Gashyantare (2) 2019, yategetse umushoferi we kubikuza za tiriyali 108 z’ama dong akoreshwa muri Vietnam, amafaranga arenga miliyali 4 z’amadorari y’Amerika, za ‘Cash’, azibikuza muri iyo Bank, azibika mu cyumba cyo hasi cyo mu nzu.
Amafaranga angana gutyo ya ‘cash’ ni yo yose aza kuba ari mu noti z’agaciro kanini cyane za Vietnam, na bwo yapima toni ebyiri.
Biri kwibazwa cyane ukuntu uwo mugore yakoze ubwo buriganya igihe kirekire akabishobora.
Truong My Lan yari akingiwe ikibaba n’ibikomerezwa byamaze imyaka za mirongo byiganje mu bucuruzi na politiki mu Mujyi wa Ho Chi Minh City nk’uko byavuzwe na David Brown.
Brown arebye ukuntu uru rubanza rwaburanishijwe, anabona hari ikintu gikomeye kirimo; nk’uburyo bwo kongera gushimangira ububasha bw’ishyaka rya gikomunisiti ku muco w’ubucuruzi bwo gukora icyo bishakiye urangwa mu bacuruzi bo mu majyepfo.
Yagize ati: “Icyo Nguyen Phu Trong n’inshuti ze mu ishyaka barimo kugerageza gukora ni ukwisubiza ijambo kuri Saigon, cyangwa nibura kuyibuza kubaca mu myanya y’intoki (mu kuyigenzura).”
